[DE-SBB] Hs. or. 14577

Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz

Contemporary tooled calf over wooden boards. On the front cover there are three varying sizes of Greek style metal crosses. The largest of these is studded with five semi-precious stones. The smallest has one blue stone in its centre and the third is plain. The lower cover also has a Greek style cross in its centre, studded with a bright green stone. The manuscript has intact its flap tooled with flower patterns and the two straps. Raised Greek style bands.
Gatherings from iii to xv are missing, spine torn, two nails replace the clasps

Beschreibstoff

↳ Material

Pergament

↳ Farbe

gelblich-braun

Blattzahl

Blattformat

14,0 x 8,5 cm

Lagen

Contains twenty – seven gatherings, each made up of 12 leaves.
The collation is: i (end signature 38b), ii39, xvi 51, xvii63, xvii75, xix85, xx97, xxi109, xxii121, xxiii133, xxiv 145, xxv157, xxvi 169, xxvii 181-183.

Textspiegel

8,5 x 6,0 cm

Zeilenzahl

Spaltenzahl

Schrift

↳ Duktus

armenisches Alphabet → Bolorgir

↳ Tinte

↳ Ausführung

The beginning and end signatures of each quire in Armenian letters are placed in the centre of the lower margins.
The collation is: i (end signature 38b), ii39, xvi 51, xvii63, xvii75, xix85, xx97, xxi109, xxii121, xxiii133, xxiv 145, xxv157, xxvi 169, xxvii 181-183. Text in regular small bolorgir (round hand) in two columns, each 21 lines. The initial letters of verses are in gold: the pericope and synoptic numbers are placed in the inner and lower margins.

Miniaturen

Common to most illuminated manuscripts of this period, the miniatures depicting the main events in the life of Christ are grouped together and located at the beginning of the manuscript. The number of miniatures varies from manuscript to manuscript. The cycle in this manuscript is made up of sixteen carefully executed miniatures in a style reminiscent of the Constantinople school of the seventeenth century. Each miniature is painted using thick colours, on gold, set on architectural backgrounds. Each miniature measures 8.5 x 6 cm.
1. 1b. The Annunciation. The Virgin Mary Standing in front of a throne inside a house, holding a spindle and the angel approaching her from the left, offering her a lily.
2. 2a. Visit of the three kings. The Virgin with the child Jesus seated on the left, Joseph standing above her hands folded resting on his chest. The three kings, the eldest kneeling in front, of the Virgin Mary and the other two standing, holding their gifts.
3. 3b. The Presentation to the Temple. The Virgin Mary, escorted by Joseph, stands inside the temple on the left of the large altar, while Simeon holds the Child Christ in handkerchief over the altar.
4. 4a. The Baptism of Christ. Christ standing in the river Jordan, the banks of which are clearly marked in thick black colour. On the left bank stands John the Baptist fully clothed, hand stretched just touching Christ’s forehead. On the facing bank there are three angels in attendance. The centre of the miniature has a segment of sky from which emerges the dove the Holy Ghost, descending on Christ. The hand of God that sticks out of the segment of sky is not visible. The small bush at the foot of John the Baptist is usually depicted with an axe embedded in one of its branches is a symbol of the Baptists as the forerunner.
5. 5b. The Transfiguration. Christ enclosed in a mandorla, standing on a mount with Moses and the Elijah on either side, standing on mounts. Three apostles below are hiding their faces from the glow of Christ’s brightness and Peter is looking upwards towards Christ.
6. 6a. The Raising of Lazarus. Christ followed by a group of disciples in intense conversation among themselves, approach Lazarus wrapped in white lines placed in a tomb carved into the hill. The sisters of Lazarus are fallen on the floor at the feet of Christ. Between the two mounds standing in front of building are a group of Jews looking on.
7. 7b. Entry into Jerusalem. Christ on a donkey followed by a group of disciples is welcomed by a group of people led by a woman holding a child outside the gates of the city of Jerusalem. The walls of the city are squeezed above in the top right corner, next to stylised palm leaf.
8. 8a. The Last Supper. Christ seated at the top of the table surrounded by the disciples in a semi-circle shape. One of the disciples ‘whom Jesus loved’ is depicted leaning over the table (instead of on Jesus’ bosom.
9. 9b. The Washing of the Feet. Christ is kneeling and washing the feet of Peter, who has his raised hand pointing to his head. Three disciples sit on a bench waiting their turn and the rest are standing with varied gestures.
10. 10a. The Betrayal of Jesus. The focus of the miniature is Christ being embraced by Judas surrounded by soldiers holding spears and torches in their hand. In the right lower corner Peter is depicted cutting the high priest’s servant right ear.
11. 11b. The Arrest of Christ. A Roman soldier holding the wrists of Christ, and Simon Cyrenian carries the cross.
12. 12a. Crucifixion. Christ nailed to the cross outside the walls of the city. The moon and the sun are represented on either side of the arms of the cross. Mary and John stand on either side of the cross. Most unusual is the representation of blood flowing out of Christ’s side onto Mary. This must be a taken from western iconography.
13. 13b. The Resurrection. Christ is represented rising from the tomb, holding a cross and blessing. Two angels on either side of the tomb hold up the lid of the tomb.
14. 14a. Ascension. The miniature is divided in two parts. The top level represents Christ in a mandorla held up by four angels above a line of clouds. Below, stands the Virgin Mary arms stretched surrounded by disciples.
15. 15b. The Descent of the Holy Ghost or Pentecost. The disciples seated in a semi-circle in the upper room and below under the arch there is the figure of a crowned figure holding a handkerchief. A seg ment of blue above the heads of the disciples with rays has in it the image of a dove.
16. 16a. The Last Judgment. Christ flanked by the Virgin Mary and the apostles seated in a semi-circle in heaven. Beneath the roof of heaven is a table from which hang the scales held by Adam and Eve. The right of the margin is filled with fire in bright red coming out of the mouth of a dragon. On the left is the walled city with the bus of a figure holding a handkerchief and three saints waiting outside the walls of the city.
Fols. 1a, 3b-3a, 4b-5a, 6b-7a, 8b-9a, 10b-11a, 12b-13a, 14b-15a, 16b-17a are blank.
17b – 18a. The Epistle of Epistle of Eusebius to Carpianus.
Text in small neat bolorgir enclosed in two columns that hold up the narrow rectangular bands. Each of the bands has openings in which are painted on lavish gold leaf the bus of Eusebius and Carpianus holding in their hands open scrolls. The headpiece is topped with birds confronting each other on either side of a chalice. The outer margins are filled with floral decorations.
18b-26b. Eight Canon Tables.
Each pair of canon tables has similar set of decorations. Two or three pillars supporting the rectangular headpiece topped by various birds (peacocks, cocks, hens , doves) and the outsider margins have various animals (monkeys, lions), and trees and bushes on which birds are resting. The texts in between the columns represent the numbers of the verses of the Synoptic Gospels [Matthew, Mark, Luke] All he canons are finely executed.

Portraits
Fol.31a Blank
Fol.31b. Portrait of Saint Matthew.
The Evangelist is depicted seated, feet resting on a platform. He is holding in both hands an opened book, clearly written in single column. Behind the desk stands an angel in human form also holding an opened book, representing the symbol of the Evangelist. In the background are group of buildings draped with bright red curtain.

Fol. 32a. The Headpiece [Khoran] of Saint Matthew’s Gospel.
Half the page is taken over by a rectangular carpet design headpiece, trefoil opening. The centre of the rectangular is taken up by a small disc, with the image of the Virgin Mary holding the Child Christ, encased in floral and geometric design painted on bold. The text begins with a large decorated letter formed of an angel in human form holding a book, representing the letter ‘G’ followed by a set of bird capitals, a line of gold uncials, and two lines of gold bologir script. The outer margin is filled with an arabesque.

Fol. 114a. Blank
Fol. 114b. The Portrait of Saint John dictating his Gospel to his pupil Carpianus.
The Evangelist is depicted seated in a cave, book in hand, head turned looking upward towards the segment of sky, the source of his inspiration.

Fol. 115a. The Headpiece [Khoran} of Saint John’s Gospel.
Half the page is taken over by a rectangular carpet patterned filled with floral designs, trefoil opening. On the top of the Khoran there are two confronting birds. The initial letter ‘l’ is made up of an elegant bird capital head turned inwards forming the loop of the letter, holding in its beak a book. The left margin is filled by an arabesque. The rest of the text is composed of two lines of capitals in gold letters and the remaining two lines, are written in bolorgir script in black ink.

The Marginal Miniatures
Each Gospel has a set of marginal miniatures representing various events from the sotry reduced to its minimum elements.

Gospel of Saint Matthew

Fols. 32b-33a. The genealogy of Christ. Bust of the ancestors of Christ represented by three portraits on the left and right margins of the page. Each of the figures hold an open scroll in their hands.
Fol.33b. An angel appearing to Joseph in a dream.
Fol.34a. The Three Kings, representing the three ages of man, with their gifts.
Fol.35a. Flight to Egypt. An angel, the Virgin and child on donkey, and Joseph
Fol.35b. The massacre of the innocent by Herod and preaching of Saint John the Baptist
Fol..36b. The Baptism of Christ by John the Baptist in the river Jordan.
Fol.37a. Christ being tempted by the devil
Fol.37b. Christ scroll in hand fulfilling the prophecy of Isaiah
Fol.38b. Christ healing the sick
Fol.39b. Christ teaching
Fol.45a. Christ teaching
Fol.46a. Christ with a group of disciples
Fol.47a. Christ in Capernaum with the centurion, beseeching him.
Fol.47b. Christ with Peter’s wife’s mother laid, and sick of a fever
Fol.48a. Christ and a certain scribe
Fol.48b. Christ in a boat asleep, when a great storm arose in the sea
Fol.49a. Christ healing the sick of the palsy, lying on a bed. Herd of swine
Fol.49a. Christ meeting the tax collector Matthew
Fol.50a. Christ and a disciple
Fol.50b. Christ and the prince who daughter was sick near to death

[Gospel of Saint Mark missing]

Gospel of Saint Luke
Fol. 52a Christ in a boat with his disciples and as they sailed he fell asleep
Fol. 56b. Christ kneeling in prayer and his disciples asked the Lord to teach them to pray
Fol. 58a. Christ casting out the devil
Fol. 62a. Christ and the certain ruler who asked’ what shall I do to inherit eternal life’
Fol. 63b. Christ kneeling praying: Christ blessing Martha and Mary
Fol. 64b. Christ expelling the demon from the man who was dumb
Fol. 65b. Christ and the woman suffering infirmity
Fol. 66a. Christ in the house of the chief Pharisee to eat bread
Fol. 66b. Christ answering a lawyer
Fol. 69a. Christ and a certain man who asks Christ to tell his brother to share their heritage
Fol. 71a. Christ with Peter
Fol. 72a. Bowl of fire ‘Came to cast fire’
Fol. 73b. Christ with the woman who had been ill for eighty years
Fol. 75b. Christ and the man before him who had dropsy
Fol. 79a. Christ with a disciple and a woman sweeping the floor looking for her lost coin
Fol. 79b. The elder son feeding swine in the fields
The elder son being greeted by his son
Fol. 81a. Christ with a certain rich man, which had a steward
Fol. 82b. A rich man with two servants feasting around a temple, and below the beggar Lazarus and a dog that licked his sores
Fol. 84b. Christ with the ten lepers
Fol. 84b. Christ and the Pharisee who asked ‘ when the kingdom of God should come’
Fol. 87a. Christ blessing a child ‘Suffer little children to come unto me’
Fol. 88a. Christ with his twelve ‘behold, we go up to Jerusalem’
Fol. 88b. Christ healing the certain blind man from Jericho
Fol. 89a. Christ and the man named Zaccheus
Fol. 90b. Christ at Bethany sends out two disciples
Fol. 91a. Two disciples standing next to a palm tree and a colt tied to the tree
Fol. 91b. Christ greeted by two figures holding palm leaves
Fol. 94a. Christ witth a man who asked ‘Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?’.

Fol. 94b. Christ and the saducee, who denied the resurrection
Fol. 95a. Christ and the scribe who said ‘Master, thou hast well said’.
Fol. 95b. Christ watching the poor widow casting tow coins into the moneybox.
Fol. 100a. Christ telling Peter ‘the cock shall not crow this day, thou shall thrice deny me’
Fol. 101a. Christ kneeled down, and prayed
Fol. 101b. Three disciples asleep and Judas and a soldier ‘near unto Jesus to kiss him’.
Fol. 102a. Kindled fire with Peter and two servants warning their hands
Fol. 102b. Peter denying Christ to the woman and the cock perched on a column
Fol. 103b. Christ before Pilate with a soldier
Fol. 105a. Simon, a Cyrenian, bearing the cross
Fol. 105b. Christ with two women ‘daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me’
Fol. 106. Christ crucified. Mary and John on either side of the cross. The legend ‘YNTH’ on the cross
Fol. 107a. Joseph of Arimathaea ‘begged for the body of Jesus’
Fol. 107b. The women bringing spices, to anoint the body of Christ and found the stone rolled Away from the tomb.

The Gospel of Saint John

Fol. 116b. John the Baptist and a Jew ‘who are thou’
Fol. 119a. Marriage at Cana. Christ blessing six water jars and a man pouring wine into a jar from two wine barrels.
Fol. 121a. Christ pointing a finger at a snake wrapped around a staff ‘Moses lift up the serpent’
Fol. 122b. Christ with two disciples
Fol. 123b. Christ sitting on the well and the woman from Samaria ‘to draw water’
Fol. 124a. The Samarian woman giving Christ a jar of water
Fol. 127a. Christ and the nobleman, whose sick son is lying on a bed ‘ at the point of death’
Fol. 128a. Christ blessing a man lying on a bed at Bethesda
Fol. 133a. Christ with a disciple
Fol. 135b. Christ with a disciple
Fol. 136as. Christ with a Jew
Fol. 138b. Christ preaching arms stretched
Fol. 141a. Christ with a disciple
Fol. 143b. Christ healing the man kneeling ‘who had been blind from birth’
Fol. 144a. The blind man whose sight was restored showing himself to the Pharisee
Fol. 146b. Christ with a disciple
Fol. 149a. The Raising of Lazarus. Christ approaching the opened tomb of Lazarus
Fol. 150a. Christ with two disciples
Fol. 159b. Christ blessing Martha who is kneeling at his feet
Fol. 151a. Christ blessing Mary kneeling at his feet ‘Lord if thou had been here, my brother had not died’
Fol. 153b. Christ sitting on a throne, and Mary anointing the feet of Jesus
Fol. 154a. Christ sitting on a ass next to a palm tree and a man holding palm branch
Fol. 155a. Christ blessing a man kneeling at his feet, hands folded on his chest
Fol. 156b. Christ preaching both arms stretched
Fol. 157b. Christ in a knelt position, washing the feet of Peter sitting on a throne, and behind a group of disciples.
Fol. 159a. Christ with Judas
Fol. 161a. Christ with a disciple
Fol. 165b. Christ with two of his disciples
Fol. 166b. Christ with two of his disciples (twice)
Fol. 167a. Christ at prayer
Fol. 169a. Peter cutting off the ear of a servant name Malchus
Fol. 170a. Christ hands tied with a soldier in from Caiaphus the high priest, sitting on a throne
Fol. 171a. Christ in front of Pilate
Fol. 173b. Christ bearing his cross
Fol. 174b. Four soldiers ‘took his garments, and made four parts’
Fol. 175b. Joseph of Arimathaea
Fol. 178a. Christ appearing to Thomas

Geschichte des Objekts

Entstehung

Abschrift

probably between 1595 and 1601 in Iran?, New Julfa (?)Julfa?

Kalligraph:in

↳ sonstige Namensform

P’ilippos?

Schreiber:in

↳ sonstige Namensform

P’ilippos / Փիլիպպոս The short and only scribal notice on fol. 113b does not give precise information on the date and place of copying of the manuscript. It is difficult to identify who the scribe and artist of this manuscript is. Astghik Georgian list one artist named P’illippos, who illuminated a manuscript of the Four Gospels in Ketcharis in 1561 AD (Matenadaran no. 3603). Among the Seventh century Colophons (1601-1620) three manuscripts are attributed to the miniaturist P’ilippos. The first is a manuscript of the Four Gospels, copied by the scribe Karapet erets and illuminated by P’ilippos in the land of Taron, in the village of Bazu in 1601, under the shelter of the church of the Holy Virgin Mary and Saint Karapet (Matenadaran 10404), The second is also a manuscript of the Four Gospels copied by P’ilippos in 1609. The third is a Commentary on the Epistles of the Apostle Saint Paul, copied by the scribe P’ilippos Bazuetsi in the land of Taron, in the Monastery of Glak, under the shelter of the church of Saint Karapet in 1613. The final inscription in this manuscript on fol. 183b, records that the manuscript became the possesion of the Allahverdian family during the reign of Catholicos Yakob Shamakhets in 1761. The probable date of the manuscript is between 1595 and 1601.

Kolophon

Fol. 113b. Concealed at the end of Saint John’s Gospel Preface
Fol. 182a-b. Scribe’s colophon in two columns in a bolorgir scrip
Fol. 183a. Later inscription on the vellum fly leaf in cursive hand

Provenienz

Provenienz

2013

Berlin

Verkäufer:in: Sam Fogg

Besitzervermerke

On folio 182a/b there is the colophon of the owner of the manuscript. It states that the manuscript belonged to Khoja Step’annos from Julfa, who gave it to the monastery in Armenia in memory of his father Gharabek and mother Gayianeay. The sponsor requests that in return for the gift, every year on the feast day of Saint Stephen the Protomartyr, a service for the Repose of Souls is conducted in memory of the soul of the presenter Step’anos and his family.

Zugang & Nutzungsmöglichkeiten

Einrichtung

Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz

Signatur

Hs. or. 14577

↳ alternativ

PPN : 1796193313

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Benutzung eingeschränkt

Reproduktion

Art :

Scan

Bemerkung :

Digitalisat Christlich-Orientalische Handschriften

Bearbeiter

MM/TH/MP

Bearbeitungsstatus

Ersteingabe komplett

Statische URL

https://www.qalamos.net/receive/DE1Book_manuscript_00053461

MyCoRe ID

DE1Book_manuscript_00053461 (XML-Ansicht)

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[DE-SBB] Hs. or. 14577 Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz

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